ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: In the past ten years, because of the complications such as adjacent vertebral diseases after the discectomy and interbody fusion fixation, the artificial cervical disc replacement gradually replaces part of intervertebral disc and interbody fusion with internal fixation, and has become a new choice of a surgical treatment of spinal degenerative diseases resection; however, heterotopic ossification after the artificial intervertebral disc replacement as a postoperative problem has attracted the field attention. OBJECTIVE: To review the domestic and foreign research progress on heterotopic ossification after artificial disc replacement. METHODS: The first author retrieved PubMed database, Chinese Journal Full-text Database for related articles published from November 1973 to May 2017. The key words were "cervical vertebrae, artificial disc replacement, heterotopic ossification, research progress". A total of 216 articles were retrieved, and 45 articles met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Heterotopic ossification had a certain occurrence rate after artificial disc replacement. The susceptible factors and preventive measures were still controversial. (2) Future research regarding heterotopic ossification after artificial intervertebral disc replacement mainly focused on the development of biomechanics, molecular level and degenerative change. It is expected that in the near future, artificial disc that is more suitable for human spine biomechanics environment will appear; heterotopic ossification after artificial disc replacement will be more in-depth research.
ABSTRACT
To study the microbiological contamination of kitchen dishcloths in Chinese housholds, 1010 'in-use' kitchen dishcloths were collected from residential premises in Beijing and Shanghai, and they were sent to the laboratory for microbiological quality analysis. The aerobic plate counts for dishcloths were 10-109 cfu/cm2 in the range of 150 cfu/cm2 to 1.776×109 cfu/cm2 (Beijing) and 62.5 cfu/cm2 to 8.75×108 cfu/cm2 (Shanghai). Nineteen species of bacteria were detected in the dishcloths, most of which were conditional pathogenic bacteria. This study found a significant difference in the aerobic plate counts of dishcloths with regard to type, number of the days used, activities used for, and some family factors. The findings of the study highlight the potential for contamination of kitchen dishcloths within homes.
Subject(s)
China , Environmental Microbiology , Household ArticlesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>For the calcaneal avulsion fracture, the current method is more commonly used screws or Kirschner wire to fix fracture fragment. This article intended to explore the feasibility and clinical efficacy for the treatment of avulsion fractures with TwinFix suture anchors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From July 2007 to November 2010, 21 patients were reviewed, including 15 males and 6 females, ranging in age from 49 to 65 years,with a mean of 58.7 years. Twelve patients had nodules in the right heel and 9 patients had nodules in the left heel. All the patients had closed fractures. The typical preoperative symptoms of the patients included pain in the upper heel and weak in heel lift. Body examination results: palpable sense of bone rubbing in the back of the heel, and swelling in the heel. Surgery treatment with TwinFix suture anchors performed as follows : to fix TwinFix suture anchors into the calcaneal body, then to drill the fracture block, to make the double strand suture through the fracture holes, to knot the suture eachother to fix the block, and to use stitch to fix the remaining suture in the Achilles tendon in order to improve the block fixation. The criteria of the AOFAS Foot and Ankle Surgery by the United States Association of ankle-rear foot functional recovery was used to evaluate the Achilles tendon.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Total average score was (95.5 +/- 3.12) points, including pain items of(38.5 +/- 2.18) points,the average score of functional items of (49.5 +/- 3.09) points,and power lines of 10 points in all patients. Twenty-one patients got an excellent result, 16 good and 5 poor.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The methods of treatment for the calcaneal avulsion fractures with TwinFix suture anchors is a simple operation, and have excellent clinical effect, which is worthy of promotion.</p>